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Interspecific hybrids between Limonium perezii and L. sinuatum were obtained using L. perezii as the female parent. The embryos which formed were rescued by culturing 12- to 16-day-old embryos within their ovules. The ovules containing the embryos were cultured on modified B5 medium and the embryos were later excised and re-plated onto fresh medium. The embryos grew for varying lengths of time eventually...
Isolated microspores of two DH lines of wheat were treated with 8 different colchicine concentrations up to 3 mM for either 24 h or 48 h during microspore culture. Untreated control cultures produced on average 220 embryos per spike (100,000 microspores), 68% of the regenerated plantlets were green, and 15% of the flowering plants were fertile. The colchicine treatments had a significant effect on...
In cassava, apomixis fixes heterosis and avoids transmission of systemic pathogens which complicate vegetative propagation of the crop. A combination of evidence from maternal inheritance of RAPD markers and the structure of the embryonic sac in large progeny sets of two distinct genotypes have further confirmed the occurrence of apomixis in cassava. We could advance further on earlier reports of...
Partial sequences (appr. 900bp) spanning from exon 2 to 4 of the gene encoding alcohol dehydrogenase 1 were obtained from four varieties of cultivated barley, Hordeum vulgare ssp. vulgare, and from 21 accessions of its wild progenitor, H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum. Sequence diversity was low and restricted to the non-coding intron sequences. In the 648–660bp long intron 3 both a microsatellite locus...
In recent years, hybrids with levels of resistance to sorghum midge (Stenodiplosis sorghicola Coquillett) have become available to Australian sorghum producers. These hybrids have been readily accepted to the extent that more than 80% of the sorghum growing area was planted to hybrids with some level of midge resistance by 1995. Since selection for resistance to sorghum midge is one of the primary...
RAPD markers were used to evaluate genetic similarity among 35 mandarin accessions, including 10 species and 7 hybrids. One octamer and twenty-two decamer primers produced 109 RAPDs, 45 of which were polymorphic. Jaccard coefficient was used to calculate genetic similarity, and UPGMA to generate the phenogram. The RAPDs obtained were sufficient to generate some accession-specific markers, and to separate...
The genetic basis of the photoperiod response in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was investigated using DNA markers and recombinant inbred populations. Two loci affecting photoperiod response were resolved, the previously defined primary locus (Ppd), at which the dominant allele confers sensitivity to photoperiod, and a second locus (herein defined as Hr), which influences the degree to which...
The origin of sorghum hybrids developed in China in the past several decades was analyzed in order to assess genetic contribution of Chinese landraces (Kaoliang) to the sorghum hybrids, to evaluate the genetic diversity existing in the A-lines and R-lines mainly used in breeding programs, and to outline a proper strategy for the future development of sorghum improvement. Basically, Chinese sorghum...
There is a need to identify genetic markers that can assist coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) breeding programs. With that objective, electrophoretic patterns of leaf peroxidases, endopeptidases and coomassie blue stained proteins were analysed in four cultivars (‘West African Tall’, ‘Rennell Tall’, ‘Malayan Yellow Dwarf’, ‘Cameroon Red Dwarf’), and in the hybrids PB121 (‘Malayan Yellow Dwarf’ × ‘West African...
Pollen germination and pollen tube growth were studied in the cross Erucastrum abyssinicum × Brassica oleracea. 25 per cent ovules showed pollen tube entry into the micropyle 5 days after pollination. Embryos did not grow beyond the globular or heart-shaped stage. Thus post-fertilization barriers prevent hybridization in this cross. Sequential culture of ovaries and ovules 10 days after pollination...
Classically, selection for superior genotypes in cacao has been based on the successive harvest records across a number of years. Little information on the minimum duration of these harvest periods is available in the literature. The repeatability coefficient (ρ) was used to estimate this period. Twenty five cacao genotypes were assayed in a randomized block design with four replications and 16-plant...
Morphological, phenological and fruit quality traits of 55 apricot cultivars, including the most important clones grown in Spain, France and Italy, were evaluated using principal component analysis. Given that the studied material was made up of commercial cultivars, the range of variation observed was narrower than expected. Variation was observed for traits related to phenology and fruit quality...
The main aim of the investigation was to study the effects of climate on the ice nucleation temperatures of fruit juice from sea buckthorn, Hippophaë rhamnoides L. This could provide information on possible adaptive values of ice nucleators in the fruits. It was also an aim to provide information on ice nucleation of fruit juice from different varieties of sea buckthorn. This was done to find suitable...
Infection and sporulation of races of Phytophthora clandestina in susceptible and resistant cultivars of subterranean clover and the effect of the races on growth of the cultivars in pots were studied using a total of five races of the pathogen and eight host cultivars. The pathogen caused severe disease where races and cultivars were compatible, although a significant reduction in root and shoot...
An in vitro method for the germination of common buckwheat pollen was developed. Pollen grains were successfully germinated in an artificial medium consisting of 0.2 g each of MnSO4, Ca(NO3)2.4H2O and KNO3, 0.04 g H3BO3, 15 g sucrose and 30 g polyethylene glycol (molecular weight approximately 20,000) dissolved in 100 ml of double distilled water. The viability of pollen was assessed by in vivo and...
Since DNA-based markers are unaffected by environmental or physiological factors, they have potential utility in the description of plant cultivars required for award of proprietary rights (i.e. Plant Breeders' Rights). The high discriminating power of this class of markers, however, can also make demonstration of uniformity and stability of such a marker within a cultivar difficult, especially for...
European oat germ plasm involving 252 varieties, landraces, and breeding lines has been characterised by allelic constitution at three independent complex avenin loci. A total of 26 avenin alleles (blocks), including 7 at the Ave1 (Avn A), 10 at the Ave2 (Avn B), and 9 at the Ave3 (Avn C) loci were revealed. The avenin block variants were shown to be coded by gene clusters of 2–5 single expressed...
Common buckwheat is an obligate cross pollinating crop because of its sporophytic self-incompatibility system. Therefore a study to assess the extent of natural outcrossing was undertaken for two years at Morden and Portage la Prairie, Manitoba using the semi-dwarf character, which is due to a homozygous genotype with regard to a single recessive gene, as a marker. The semi-dwarf genotype was grown...
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